He did not have to do military service because his father had died in the war. Gerhard Schröder hat keine leiblichen Kinder. [50][51] In 2004, he and Chinese Prime Minister Wen Jiabao established a secure, direct telephone line. September 1912 in Leipzig; † 4. Claus Christian Malzahn (14 October 2005). The conference voted overwhelmingly to approve the deal.[22]. "[4] That same year, he wrote an article on the idea of a red/green coalition for a book at Olle & Wolter, Berlin; this appeared later in Die Zeit. Eine Biografie beleuchtet nun … Schröder joined the Social Democratic Party in 1963. Considered ambitious from early on in his political career, it was widely reported and never denied, that in 1982, a drunken Schröder stood outside the West German federal chancellery yelling: "I want to get in. On 22 May 2005, after the SPD lost to the Christian Democrats (CDU) in North Rhine-Westphalia, Gerhard Schröder announced he would call federal elections "as soon as possible". She lived with the couple. [23] Most voters soon associated Schröder with the Agenda 2010 reform program, which included cuts in the social welfare system (national health insurance, unemployment payments, pensions), lower taxes, and reformed regulations on employment and payment. Gerhard Schröder ist Vater zweier adoptierter Kinder aus seiner 20 Jahre dauernden Ehe mit Doris Schröder-Köpf, die inzwischen mit Niedersachsens Innenminister Boris Pistorius liiert ist Altkanzler Gerhard Schröder soll eine zentrale Rolle bei der Entlassung des Menschenrechtslers Peter Steudtner aus türkischer U-Haft gespielt haben. As a former Chancellor, he is entitled to a permanent office, also situated in Berlin. Teilen dpa Gerhard Schröder hält seiner Frau Schröder-Köpf den Rücken frei. Gerhard Schröder mit Haushalt und Kindern befasst: Altkanzer schmiert Brote und geht auf Elternabende. During a heated dispute between Russia and Estonia in May 2007 over the removal of a Soviet-era war memorial from the centre of the Estonian capital Tallinn to a military cemetery, Schröder defended the Kremlin's reaction. [47], Only a few days after his chancellorship, Schröder joined the board of directors of the Nord Stream joint venture, thus bringing about new speculations about his prior objectivity. ", it became Germany's 2002 Christmas #1 hit and sold over a million copies. George Parker and Bertrand Benoit (21 March 2005). 2006 folgte ihr Gregor (heute 7). Erhalte sofort alle Neuigkeiten zu deinen Stars, indem du ihnen folgst! On 14 November 2005, at a SPD conference in Karlsruhe, Schröder urged members of the SPD to support the proposed coalition, saying it "carries unmistakably, perhaps primarily, the imprint of the Social Democrats". Moreover, Germany's high unemployment rate remained a serious problem for the government. On 14 June 2007, Schröder gave a eulogy at a memorial service for Immendorf at the Alte Nationalgalerie in Berlin. Schröder later called for a revision of the Lisbon Strategy and thereby a retreat from Europe's goal of overtaking the United States as the world's most competitive economy by 2010. He also eliminated capital gains tax on the sale of corporate stocks and thereby made the country more attractive to foreign investors.[24]. "[44] Soon after, however, he cultivated close ties with Yeltsin's successor, President Vladimir Putin, in an attempt to strengthen the "strategic partnership" between Berlin and Moscow,[45] including the opening of a gas pipeline from Russian Dan Marino-Pipelines over the Baltic Sea exclusively between Russia and Germany (see "Gazprom controversy" below). [31], Also in 2003, both Schröder and Chirac forced a suspension of sanctions both faced for breaching the European Union's fiscal rules that underpin the euro – the Stability and Growth Pact – for three years in a row. His mother, Erika (née Vosseler), worked as an agricultural laborer to support herself and her two sons. 2004 adoptierten Gerhard Schröder (68) und seine Frau Doris Schröder-Köpf (49) die kleine Viktoria (heute 11) aus St. Petersburg. April 1944 in Mossenberg-Wöhren, hüüd to Blommerg) is en ehmalger düütsch Politiker van de SPD. However, this guarantee had never been used. His wife is the Korean economist and interpreter Kim So-yeon. [7], In the 1998 state elections, Schöder's Social Democrats increased their share of the vote by about four percentage points over the 44.3 percent they recorded in the previous elections in 1994 – a postwar record for the party in Lower Saxony that reversed a string of Social Democrat reversals in state elections elsewhere. George Parker and Bertrand Benoit (3 November 2004). In response, a grouping of left-wing SPD dissidents and the neo-communist Party of Democratic Socialism agreed to run on a joint ticket in the general election, with Schröder's rival Oskar Lafontaine leading the new group.[20]. „Ich hatte keine Vorstellung davon, was an Leistungen erbracht werden muss, wenn Kinder im Haushalt sind“, gibt er offen zu und entgegnet auf die Frage, ob ein Tag zu Hause mit den Kindern oder im Büro anstrengender sei: „Ohne Zweifel – ein Tag zu Hause ist anstrengender. Gerhard Schröder nennt sie bis heute eine Löwin, denn sie kämpfte für ihre Familie. [94] His decision to celebrate his 70th birthday party with Putin in Saint Petersburg's Yusupov Palace in late April elicited further criticism from several members of Merkel's grand coalition, including human rights spokesperson Christoph Strässer [de]. On 11 October 2005, Schröder announced that he would not take a post in the new Cabinet and, in November, he confirmed that he would leave politics as soon as Merkel took office. Instead, he urged the EU to reform the Pact to encourage growth, and to seek the reorientation of the €100,000,000,000 annual EU budget towards research and innovation. Schröder's tax policies were also unpopular; when the satirical radio show The Gerd Show released "Der Steuersong", featuring Schröder's voice (by impressionist Elmar Brandt) lampooning Germany's indirect taxation with the lyrics "Dog tax, tobacco tax, emissions and environmental tax, did you really think more weren't coming? [citation needed] He was subsequently also appointed to the supervisory board of Volkswagen, the largest company in Lower Saxony and of which the state of Lower Saxony is a major stockholder. Gerhard Schröder soll neu liiert sein. He was subsequently retained by the Swiss publisher Ringier AG as a consultant. In 1985, Schröder met the GDR leader Erich Honecker during a visit to East Berlin. From 1966 to 1971 he studied law at the University of Göttingen. The agency's lawyer said that they could not accept a verdict which "does not coincide with freedom of the press". Der frühere deutsche Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schröder wünscht sich eine «neue Weltordnung» ohne Amerikas Vormundschaft. Between 1994 and 1998, he was also chairman of Lower Saxonian SPD. Titled "Europe: The Third Way",[12] or "Die Neue Mitte" in German, it called on Europe's centre-left governments to cut taxes, pursue labour and welfare reforms and encourage entrepreneurship. Schröder's stance set the stage for alleged anti-American statements by members of the SPD. Gerhard Schröder hat keine leiblichen Kinder. The 2005 German federal elections were held on 18 September. 31. Der ehemalige Bundeskanzler lernte Soyeon Kim … Einen Großteil der Betreuung übernimmt seine Frau Doris Schröder-Köpf. [54], After leaving public office, Schröder represented Germany at the funeral services for Boris Yeltsin in Moscow (jointly with Horst Köhler and Helmut Kohl, 2007) and Fidel Castro in Santiago de Cuba (2016). [61] Other board memberships include the following: In addition, Schröder has held several other paid and unpaid positions since his retirement from German politics, including: As Chancellor, Gerhard Schröder was a strong advocate of the Nord Stream pipeline project, which now supplies Russian gas directly to Germany, thereby bypassing transit countries. Geburtstag und zeigt sich wie ein Model, "Goodbye Deutschland" -Star Daniela Büchner, Den Tränen nahe: "Ich hoffe, euer Morgen fing besser an", Er trauert um seine Mutter - sie war selber eine kleine Berühmtheit, Sicher dir 40 Prozent Rabatt auf die Tickets für das BUNTE.de Yoga Retreat. [87] The Chancellor's spokesman said: "This is not a frivolous action taken over whether he does or doesn't dye his hair, but is a serious issue regarding his word." Throughout his campaign for Chancellor, he portrayed himself as a pragmatic new Social Democrat who would promote economic growth while strengthening Germany's generous social welfare system. Einer, der bewiesen hat, dass er führen kann, ist Gerhard Schröder. In 2006, they adopted another child from Saint Petersburg. Throughout the build-up to the 2002 German election, the Social Democrats and the Green Party trailed the centre-right candidate Edmund Stoiber until the catastrophe caused by rising floodwater in Germany led to an improvement in his polling numbers. [108], For other people named Gerhard Schröder, see, Member of the German Bundestag, 1980–1986, Minister-President of Lower Saxony, 1990–1998. Zwar sind Gerhard Schröder und die 52-Jährige seit einem Jahr getrennt, ... Alle Kinder, die jetzt aus anderen Ländern bei uns ankommen, können Niedersachsen werden. Ein Bindungsexperte erklärt, nach welchem Frauentypus er sucht. [78] In an editorial entitled Gerhard Schroeder's Sellout, the American newspaper The Washington Post also expressed sharp criticism, reflecting widening international ramifications of Schröder's new post. Seine Kanzlerschaft war von umfassenden gesellschaftlichen und sozialen Reformen und einer zunehmenden internationalen Verantwortung Deutschlands geprägt. Gerhard Schröder (* 11.September 1910 in Saarbrücken; † 31. From 1972 onwards, Schröder served as teaching assistant at the university. Gerhard Schröder hat keine leiblichen Kinder, ist aber Stiefvater von Klara (* 1991), Tochter von Doris Köpf und dem Journalisten Sven Kuntze. Gerhard Schröder (født 11. september 1910 i Saarbrücken, død 31. desember 1989 i Kampen på Sylt) var en tysk politiker ().Han var innenriksminister fra 1953 til 1961, og utenriksminister fra 1961 til 1966 under Konrad Adenauer og Ludwig Erhard.Fra 1966 til 1969 var … In February 2004, Schröder resigned as chairman of the SPD amid growing criticism from across his own party of his reform agenda;[18][19] Franz Müntefering succeeded him as chairman. Dezember 2012 Gerhard Fritz Kurt Schröder (født 7. april 1944 i Mossenberg i fristaten (og det tidligere fyrstedømmet) Lippe (nå i Nordrhein-Westfalen)) var Tysklands kansler fra 1998 til 2005, som leder for en koalisjonsregjering mellom det sosialdemokratiske partiet, SPD, og De grønne.Som kansler var han også formann for G8 i 1998. Wie reich ist Gerhard Schröder? Schröder has criticised some European countries' swift decision to recognise Kosovo as an independent state after it declared independence in February 2008. Schröder's stance caused political friction between the US and Germany, in particular because he used this topic for his 2002 election campaign. [84] His decision caused an outcry in Germany and abroad, especially in a climate of fear about any potential Russian interference in the 2017 German elections. Der Altkanzler Gerhard Schröder ist durchaus für seine impulsive und temperamentvolle Art bekannt. [53], Schröder rents an apartment in Berlin while retaining his primary residence in Hanover. Gerhard Schröder feiert in Berlin seine Ehe mit Soyeon Kim. Geboren am 7. [58][59] After the 2018 elections in Turkey, he represented the German government at Erdoğan's swearing-in ceremony in Ankara.[60]. Gerhard Schröder ist ein deutscher Politiker, der von 1998 bis 2005 als Bundeskanzler diente, wobei seine wichtigste politische Initiative die Agenda 2010 war. He is currently the chairman of the board of Nord Stream AG and of Rosneft, after having been hired as a global manager by investment bank Rothschild, and also the chairman of the board of football club Hannover 96. The joint paper said European governments needed to adopt a "supply-side agenda" to respond to globalisation, the demands of capital markets and technological change. Only by 2000, Schröder managed to capitalise on the donations scandal of his Christian Democratic opposition to push through a landmark tax reform bill and re-establish his dominance of the German political scene. Following the 2005 federal election, which his party lost, after three weeks of negotiations he stood down as Chancellor in favour of Angela Merkel of the rival Christian Democratic Union. On 23 November 2005, he resigned his Bundestag seat. During his time in office, he visited the country five times. [1], Schröder completed an apprenticeship in retail sales in a Lemgo hardware shop from 1958 to 1961 and subsequently worked in a Lage retail shop and after that as an unskilled construction worker and a sales clerk in Göttingen while studying at night school for a general qualification for university entrance (Abitur). The meetings were held alternately in France and Germany. The following year, he nationalized a big steel mill in Lower Saxony to preserve jobs. 11:50 April 1944 in Mossenberg, Blomberg, … [52] He also pressed for the lifting of the EU arms embargo on China. [88] Consequently, the Estonian government cancelled a planned visit by Schröder in his function as chairman of Nord Stream AG, which promotes the petroleum pipeline from Russia to Germany. Und ich muss auch pünktlich beim Abholen sein und kann nicht sagen, die werden schon warten ...“. Schröder has been chairman of Russian energy company Rosneft since 2017. [95], In November 2017, an investigation conducted by the International Consortium of Investigative Journalism cited his name in the list of politicians named in "Paradise Papers" allegations. On his first official trip to Russia in late-1998, Schröder suggested that Germany was not likely to come up with more aid for the country. Gerhard Fritz Kurt Schröder (German: [ˈɡeːɐ̯haʁt fʁɪts kʊʁt ˈʃʁøːdɐ] (listen); born 7 April 1944) is a German politician who served as Chancellor of Germany from 1998 to 2005, during which his most important political initiative was Agenda 2010. E x-Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schröder (62) und seine Frau Doris (43) haben nach Angaben aus der SPD ein zweites Kind aus Rußland adoptiert. [99][100], Schröder's fourth marriage have earned him the nickname "Audi Man", a reference to the four-ring symbol of Audi motorcars. Schröder agreed to cede the chancellorship to Merkel, but the SPD would hold the majority of government posts and retain considerable control of government policy. [85] German Chancellor Angela Merkel criticized her predecessor, saying "I do not think what Mr Schröder is doing is okay".[86]. The parliamentary leader of the SPD, Ludwig Stiegler, compared US President George W. Bush to Julius Caesar while Schröder's Minister of Justice, Herta Däubler-Gmelin, likened Bush's foreign policy to that of Adolf Hitler. Gerhard Schröder privat: Patchwork-Familie mit Kindern und Geschwistern. Der deutsche Altkanzler Gerhard Schröder wurde am 7.April 1944 in Mossenberg-Wöhren unter dem vollen Namen Gerhard Fritz Kurt Schröder geboren. Das öffentliche Interesse an seiner Person ist ungebrochen groß. Sie haben zwei russische Adoptivkinder. The portrait, which was completed by Immendorff's assistants, was revealed to the public in January 2007; the massive work has ironic character, showing the former Chancellor in stern heroic pose, in the colors of the German flag, painted in the style of an icon, surrounded by little monkeys. Schröder was criticised in the media, and subsequently by Angela Merkel, for calling Putin a "flawless democrat" on 22 November 2004, only days before Putin prematurely congratulated Viktor Yanukovich during the Orange Revolution. [81], In 2016, Schröder switched to become manager of Nord Stream 2, an expansion of the original pipeline in which Gazprom is sole shareholder. In 2003, Schröder and Chirac agreed to share power in the institutions of the European Union between a President of the European Commission, elected by the European Parliament, and a full-time President of the European Council, chosen by heads of state and government; their agreement later formed the basis of discussions at the Convention on the Future of Europe and became law with the entry into force of the Treaty of Lisbon. [89] In August 2008, Schröder laid the blame for the 2008 South Ossetia war squarely on Mikhail Saakashvili and "the West", hinting at American foreknowledge and refusing to criticize any aspect of Russian policy which had thus far come to light. He weer van 1978 bit 1980 Bundsvörsitter van de Jusos, van 1990 bit 1998 Ministerpräsident van Neddersassen as ok van Oktober 1998 bit November 2005 de söbente düütsch Bundskanzler. The fact that Schröder served on the Volkswagen board (a position that came with his position as minister-president of Lower Saxony) and tended to prefer pro-car policies led to him being nicknamed the "Auto-Kanzler" (car chancellor). 2004 adoptierten Gerhard Schröder (68) und seine Frau Doris Schröder-Köpf (49) ... „Ich kann nicht ausschlafen, wenn die Kinder in die Schule müssen. government.[37]. Ich nähere micht dieser Erfahrung aber sehr dosiert.“, Zu Hause – diesen Begriff verbinden seine Adoptivkinder trotz ihrer russischen Abstammung eindeutig mit Hannover. Gerhard Schröder und seine dritte Frau Doris heirateten 1997, seit 2018 sind sie offiziell geschieden. Seit zehn Jahren sitzt Gerhard Schröder nicht mehr im Kanzleramt. Since 2017, Schröder serves as the chairman of Russian energy company Rosneft. Under the leadership of successive chairmen Herbert Wehner (1980–83) and Hans-Jochen Vogel (1983–86), he served in the SPD parliamentary group. Reversing the hard-line stance of his predecessor, Helmut Kohl, he agreed to the government contributing alongside industry to a fund that would compensate people forced to work in German factories by the Nazi regime and appointed Otto Graf Lambsdorff to represent German industry in the negotiations with survivors' organisations, American lawyers and the U.S. In 1976, he passed his second law examination, and he subsequently worked as a lawyer until 1990. At the time of the German parliamentary election, according to Rick Noak of The Washington Post: In 2005, Russian President Vladimir Putin’s friend Schroeder hastily signed the deal just as he was departing the office from which he had been voted out days earlier. [9], After the resignation of Oskar Lafontaine as SPD Chairman in March 1999, in protest at Schröder's adoption of a number of what Lafontaine considered "neo-liberal" policies, Schröder took over his rival's office as well. [8], Following the 1998 national elections, Schröder became Chancellor as head of an SPD-Green coalition. Schröder's critics accused him of enhancing, and campaigning on, anti-American sentiments in Germany. [35] On 1 August 2004, the sixtieth anniversary of the 1944 Warsaw Uprising, he apologised to Poland for "the immeasurable suffering" of its people during the conflict; he was the first German Chancellor to be invited to an anniversary of the uprising. Gerhard Schröder wurde als zweites Kind der Eheleute Gunhild Erika Lauterbach (* 2. Gerhard Schröder, von 1998 bis 2005 Bundeskanzler der Bundesrepublik Deutschland, ... Der Ehrenbürger von Hannover ist verheiratet mit Doris Schröder-Köpf. "[10] he In a move meant to signal a deepening alliance between Schröder and Prime Minister Tony Blair of the United Kingdom,[11] the two leaders issued an eighteen-page manifesto for economic reform in June 1999. Han var dessuten formann for SPD fra 1999 til 2004. He remarked that Estonia had contradicted "every form of civilised behaviour". As a member of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD), he led a coalition government of the SPD and the Greens. Seine beiden Adoptivkinder Viktoria und Gregor halten ihn auf Trab. He believes the decision was taken under heavy pressure from the US government and has caused more problems, including the weakening of the so-called pro-EU forces in Serbia. Siet den Dood van Helmut Kohl in'n Juni 2017 is he de eenzige levende Oltbundskanzler van Düütschland. Sie haben zwei russische Adoptivkinder. In his memoirs Decisions: My Life in Politics, Schröder still defends his friend and political ally, and states that "it would be wrong to place excessive demands on Russia when it comes to the rate of domestic political reform and democratic development, or to judge it solely on the basis of the Chechnya conflict. Eva Schubach (married 1968, divorced 1972); Anne Taschenmacher (married 1972, divorced 1984); Hiltrud Hampel ("Hillu"; married 1984, divorced 1997); Schröder has been awarded honorary doctorates by, Elected a corresponding member of the Department of Social Sciences of the, This page was last edited on 20 April 2021, at 04:20. Schröder was born in Blomberg, Lippe, Greater German Reich. ", "Gerhard-Schröder-Biographie: Horst Mahler stellt das Buch eines Konservativen vor Hoffnung keimt im Verborgenen", To Battle Kohl, a Socialist Who's Pro-Business, German Opposition Names Shadow Cabinet in Hopes of Votes, Kohl's Rival Faces a Vote That's Make Or Break, German Social Democrat Triumphs in Key State Election, Choice for Economics Post Spurns Offer by Schroder, "With Smoked Salmon and Beer, Berlin Greets Parliament", https://web.archive.org/web/19990819090124/http://www.labour.org.uk/views/items/00000053.html, British-German Agenda Marks Break With Left : Manifesto Maps Out 'Third Way', The Third Way: Schroeder Soars but Blair Stalls, Schröder Urges Reform as SPD Celebrates 140th Anniversary, The Modern Chancellor: Taking Stock of Gerhard Schröder, Another German Premier Seeks Delay on the Euro, Germany's New Leader Gives France Reassurances About Ties, Schröder and Chirac flaunt love affair at summit, Statesmanlike Schroder Pulls Harmony From Europe's Hat, Paris and Berlin cook up shock deal over EU presidency, Schröder echoes Chirac call for French Yes vote, Schröder to urge economic rethink for Europe, Sweeping rewrite of EU stability pact agreed, Leszek Miller: Schröder's role in Polish-German relations 'underestimated', Schröder seeks to limit damage over EU growth 'gaffe', A New German Assertiveness On Its Foreign Policy Stance, Schroder Dismisses Demands To Enlarge Fund for Nazi Slaves, The World: The Jewish Question; Europe Knows Who's to Blame in the Middle East, Clinton Lauds King Hussein As Man of Vision and Spirit, Critics From Paris to Kuwait, but a Friend in London, Schroeder is edging closer to Blair views, Putin Discovers A New Rapport With Germany, Airbus parent rebuffs Russia bid for influence, "It Would Be Wrong to Place Excessive Demands", Hugging the Panda: Gerhard Schröder Opens Doors for German Companies in China, Schröder vertritt Deutschland bei Trauerfeier, Schröder und Biedenkopf legen Schlichtungsvorschlag bei Bahn vor, Treffen mit Erdogan: Schröder erwirkte Freilassung Steudtners, Turkey's release of German citizen sign of thawing ties: Gabriel, Türkischer Präsident Erdoğan: Er und nur er, Schröder berät die Investmentbank Rothschild, Aufsichtsrat der KGaA: Gerhard Schröder hört auf, Paradise Papers expose tax schemes of global elite, "The Russian pipeline to Germany that Trump is so mad about, explained", "EU to probe German gas pipeline guarantee", "WSJ, Schröder to join TNK-BP board, 19 January 2009", Germany’s SPD criticised over Schröder’s post at Rosneft, Russia nominates German ex-chancellor Schroeder to Rosneft board, German ex-chancellor Schroeder hits back in Russia row before vote, Merkel hits out at predecessor in Russia row before election, "Schroeder: Kosovo recognition "against Europe's interests, "Gerhard Schröder nennt Putins Vorgehen völkerrechtswidrig", "Merkel fury after Gerhard Schroeder backs Putin on Ukraine", "telegraph.co.uk: "Merkel fury after Gerhard Schroeder backs Putin on Ukraine" 14 Mar 2014", "Gerhard Schroeder's birthday party with Vladimir Putin angers Germany", "Explore The Politicians in the Paradise Papers", "Die Trennung der Schröders ist endgültig", "The 'Audi Man' is not quite ready to concede defeat", "Former German Chancellor Gerhard Schröder to Wed For Fifth Time", "Former German chancellor 'sued for affair, "Schroeder Takes Germany's Helm Social Democrat Sworn in As Chancellor Tuesday", "Tschechischer Präsident zeichnet Altkanzler Schröder aus", From Ironmonger's Apprentice to Chancellor, Gerhard Schröder: The Man Who Rescued the German Economy, Prince Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst, Members of the 10th Bundestag (1983–1987), Members of the 14th Bundestag (1998–2002), Members of the 15th Bundestag (2002–2005), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gerhard_Schröder&oldid=1018835622, Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians, People from Blomberg, North Rhine-Westphalia, Members of the Bundestag for Lower Saxony, Foreign Members of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Grand Crosses 1st class of the Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany, Recipients of the Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 1st Class, Recipients of the Order of the White Lion, Grand Crosses of the Order of the Star of Romania, Members of the Bundestag for the Social Democratic Party of Germany, Articles with dead external links from November 2018, Articles with permanently dead external links, Articles with dead external links from January 2017, Articles with dead external links from September 2018, Articles with German-language sources (de), Short description is different from Wikidata, BLP articles lacking sources from December 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2015, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2017, Articles with Encyclopædia Britannica links, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with Trove identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Wikipedia articles with multiple identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, German Near and Middle East Association (NUMOV), Honorary Chairman of the Board, International Willy Brandt Prize, Member of the Jury.
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