[47], In the 1970s, funk used many of the same vocal styles that were used in African-American music in the 1960s, including singing influences from blues, gospel, jazz and doo-wop. In particular, L.H. [31], Funk bass has an "earthy, percussive kind of feel", in part due to the use of muted, rhythmic ghost notes[31] (also called "dead notes"). Inspiration; Production Tips; Best Gear; Video; The 10 Best Soul, Funk and R&B Sample Packs. April 2021 gültigen Coronaschutzverordnung NRW, §6 (4) schränkt die Bibliothek ihre Services weiter ein. Genre Ambient Children Cinematic Classical Corporate … Motown producers Frank Wilson ("Keep On Truckin'") and Hal Davis ("Dancing Machine") followed suit. [7], The word funk initially referred (and still refers) to a strong odor. Youtube; Facebook; Instagram; Twitter; Artists; Releases; Videos; Merch; About us; Contact; Select Page. [88] Michael Jackson was influenced electro funk also[89] In 1980, techno funk musician used the TR-808 programmable drum machine,[90] while Kraftwerk's sound influenced [91] later electro-funk artists such as Mantronix.[92]. It incorporates multi-layered and melodic synthesizers, slow hypnotic grooves, a deep bass, background female vocals, the extensive sampling of P-Funk tunes, and a high-pitched portamento saw wave synthesizer lead. ETD Collection for AUC Robert W. Woodruff Library. Many early disco songs and performers came directly from funk-oriented backgrounds. Join Our Mailing List. And Clyde Stubblefield was just the epitome of this funky drumming. [19] Funk horn sections could include saxophone (often tenor sax), trumpet, trombone, and for larger horn sections, such as quintets and sextets, a baritone sax. The Temptations, who had previously helped to define the "Motown Sound" – a distinct blend of pop-soul – adopted this new psychedelic sound towards the end of the 1960s as well. [17] The sound of funk is as much based on the "spaces between the notes" as the notes that are played; as such, rests between notes are important. These included Cameo, Zapp, the Gap Band, the Bar-Kays, and the Dazz Band, who all found their biggest hits in the early 1980s. AUC Robert W. Woodruff Library. Another group who defined funk around this time were the Isley Brothers, whose funky 1969 #1 R&B hit, "It's Your Thing", signaled a breakthrough in African-American music, bridging the gaps of the jazzy sounds of Brown, the psychedelic rock of Jimi Hendrix, and the upbeat soul of Sly & the Family Stone and Mother's Finest. Very big". her work has become a symbol of sexual liberation for women of color. [34] Other effects that are used include the flanger and bass chorus. Artists like Steve Arrington and Cameo still received major airplay and had huge global followings. By 1990, several Cuban bands had incorporated elements of funk and hip-hop into their arrangements, and expanded upon the instrumentation of the traditional conjunto with an American drum set, saxophones and a two-keyboard format. According to Dr. John (Malcolm John "Mac" Rebennack Jr.), the Professor "put funk into music ... Longhair's thing had a direct bearing I'd say on a large portion of the funk music that evolved in New Orleans. This early form of the music set the pattern for later musicians. The Hammond B-3 organ is used in funk, in songs such as “Cissy Strut” by The Meters and “Love the One You're With” (with Aretha Franklin singing and Billy Preston on keyboards). Public Service … The pioneering electro band Zapp commonly used such instruments in their music. Le canal Jim's Prophecy ne passe que des vinyles ! Youtube; Facebook; Twitter; Instagram; LANDR Blog. The breakout popularity of Parliament-Funkadelic gave rise to the term "P-Funk", which referred to the music by George Clinton's bands, and defined a new subgenre. Stewart, Alexander (2000: 298). [104] Simon Frith described the style as an application of progressive rock mentality to rhythm rather than melody and harmony. "[116], According to Francesca T. Royster, in Rickey Vincent's book Funk: The Music, The People, and The Rhythm of The One, he analyzes the impact of Labelle but only in limited sections. Following the work of Jimi Hendrix in the late 1960s, artists such as Sly and the Family Stone combined the psychedelic rock of Hendrix with funk, borrowing wah pedals, fuzz boxes, echo chambers, and vocal distorters from the former, as well as blues rock and jazz. As cultural critic Cheryl Keyes explains in her essay "She Was Too Black for Rock and Too Hard for Soul: (Re)discovering the Musical Career of Betty Mabry Davis," most of the scholarship around funk has focused on the cultural work of men. Photos. [66] In contrast to earlier bands such as The Temptations, which wore "matching suits" and "neat haircuts" to appeal to white mainstream audiences, funk bands adopted an "African spirit" in their outfits and style. Funk, Acid-Jazz, Disco, House, Electro, Soul, World, Reggae, Hip-Hop, un mélange musical pointu de titres anciens jusqu'aux dernières nouveautés. Soul. [18], The result of these factors was a rhythm guitar sound that seemed to float somewhere between the low-end thump of the electric bass and the cutting tone of the snare and hi-hats, with a rhythmically melodic feel that fell deep in the pocket. Paper 22. p. 51, Lacy, Travis K., "Funk is its own reward" : an analysis of selected lyrics in popular funk music of the 1970s" (2008). That's why I called my album The Chronic and based my music and the concepts like I did: because his shit was a big influence on my music. [citation needed], The meaning of "funk" continues to captivate the genre of black music, feeling, and knowledge. [100][101], From the early 1970s onwards, funk has developed various subgenres. NEW PRINT. At least as early as 1907, jazz songs carried titles such as Funky. ", "Free Your Mind", "Loose Booty"); acoustic piano ("Funky Dollar Bill", "Jimmy's Got a Little Bit of Bitch in Him"); clavinet ("Joyful Process", "Up for the Down Stroke", "Red Hot Mama"); Minimoog synthesizer ("Atmosphere", "Flash Light", "Aqua Boogie", "Knee Deep", "Let's Take It to the Stage"); and ARP string ensemble synth ("Chocolate City", "Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)", "Undisco Kidd"). Rock bands began adopting elements of funk into their sound, creating new combinations of "funk rock" and "funk metal". In 1970, Sly & the Family Stone's "Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Agin)" reached #1 on the charts, as did "Family Affair" in 1971. Funk music was also exported to Africa, and it melded with African singing and rhythms to form Afrobeat. Released on Wednesday, April 28, 2021. "[16], Like soul, funk is based on dance music, so it has a strong "rhythmic role". Funk continues the African musical tradition of improvisation, in that in a funk band, the group would typically "feel" when to change, by "jamming" and "grooving", even in the studio recording stage, which might only be based on the skeleton framework for each song. Other artists include Herbie Hancock, Afrika Bambaataa, Egyptian Lover, Vaughan Mason & Crew, Midnight Star and Cybotron. Lettuce, a band of Berklee College Of Music graduates, was formed in the late 1990s as a pure-funk emergence was being felt through the jam band scene. A new group of musicians began to further develop the "funk rock" approach. [19], Before funk, most pop music was based on sequences of eighth notes, because the fast tempos made further subdivisions of the beat infeasible. Salsa Mix Show Lady Spice (Hazra) As an experienced Salsa DJ & teacher for the Bar Latina group, we … Some disco music hits, such as all of Barry White's hits, "Kung Fu Fighting" by Biddu and Carl Douglas, Donna Summer's "Love To Love You Baby", Diana Ross' "Love Hangover", KC and the Sunshine Band's "I'm Your Boogie Man", "I'm Every Woman" by Chaka Khan (also known as the Queen of Funk), and Chic's "Le Freak" conspicuously include riffs and rhythms derived from funk. Africa and the Blues. close. Paper 22. p. 26, Lacy, Travis K., ""Funk is its own reward" : an analysis of selected lyrics in popular funk music of the 1970s" (2008). [2], Funk horn sections performed in a "rhythmic percussive style" that mimicked the approach used by funk rhythm guitarists. ETD Collection for AUC Robert W. Woodruff Library. Paper 22. p. 62, Lacy, Travis K., ""Funk is its own reward" : an analysis of selected lyrics in popular funk music of the 1970s" (2008). Funk jam is a fusion genre of music which emerged in the 1990s. [62] Some funk songs used made-up words which suggested that they were "writing lyrics in a constant haze of marijuana smoke", such as Parliament's "Aqua Boogie (A Psychoalphadiscobetabioaquadoloop)", which includes words such as "bioaquadooloop". [11], In early jam sessions, musicians would encourage one another to "get down" by telling one another, "Now, put some stank on it!". Paper 22. pp. [4] Other musical groups, including Kool and the Gang,[5] B.T. It de-emphasizes melody and chord progressions and focuses on a strong rhythmic groove of a bassline played by an electric bassist and a drum part played by a percussionist, often at slower … The minimalist approach of boogie, consisting of synthesizers and keyboards, helped to establish electro and house music. Steppin' Heavy Mix Series #3: Random Rap Induce. [60] For example, funk songs included expressions such as "shake your money maker", "funk yourself right out" and "move your boogie body". We are Apple Certified MFiT Providers. [51] Funk singers used a "black aesthetic" to perform that made use of "colorful and lively exchange of gestures, facial expressions, body posture, and vocal phrases" to create an engaging performance. But 'give me a New Orleans beat' – you got exactly what you wanted. OSSR Breakfast Show. With six instruments, a brass section would typically be two pairs of brass instruments plus a trombone and baritone sax holding down the bottom end.[2]. The chords used in funk songs typically imply a Dorian or Mixolydian mode, as opposed to the major or natural minor tonalities of most popular music. Funk is a musical genre which origin can be traced to African American society in the mid-1960s, when African American artists and musicians created a new form of rhythmic and dance music through a mix of soul, jazz, rhythm and blues (R & B). Royster criticizes Vincent's analysis of the group, stating: "It is a shame, then, that Vincent gives such minimal attention to Labelle's performances in his study. NEW PODCAST . [37] These playing techniques are supplemented by a set-up for the drum kit that often includes muffled bass drums and toms and tightly tuned snare drums. It combines elements of African-American gospel music, rhythm and blues and jazz.Soul music became popular for dancing and listening in the United States, where record labels such as Motown, Atlantic and Stax were influential … [36] Double bass drumming sounds are often done by funk drummers with a single pedal, an approach which "accents the second note... [and] deadens the drumhead's resonance", which gives a short, muffled bass drum sound. Guitarist Jimmy Nolen, longtime guitarist for James Brown, developed this technique. [36], Jim Payne states that funk drumming uses a "wide-open" approach to improvisation around rhythmic ideas from Latin music, ostinatos, that are repeated "with only slight variations", an approach which he says causes the "mesmerizing" nature of funk. Paper 22. p. 29, Lacy, Travis K., ""Funk is its own reward" : an analysis of selected lyrics in popular funk music of the 1970s" (2008). Artists include Vicky "D", Komiko, Peech Boys, Kashif, and later Evelyn King. Despite funk's popularity in modern music, few people have examined the work of funk women. ETD Collection for AUC Robert W. Woodruff Library. In the 1990s, artists like Me'shell Ndegeocello, Brooklyn Funk Essentials and the (predominantly UK-based) acid jazz movement including artists and bands such as Jamiroquai, Incognito, Galliano, Omar, Los Tetas and the Brand New Heavies carried on with strong elements of funk. Musician Maceo Parker (Fresh Air WHYY-FM audio interview). [25], Funk creates an intense groove by using strong guitar riffs and basslines played on electric bass. Notably jazz-funk is less vocal, more arranged and featured more improvisation than soul jazz, and retains a strong feel of groove and R&B versus some of the jazz fusion production. Lyrics of funk songs began to change from suggestive double entendres to more graphic and sexually explicit content. Funk metal (sometimes typeset differently such as funk-metal) is a fusion genre of music which emerged in the 1980s, as part of the alternative metal movement. Even with the arrival of disco, funk became increasingly popular well into the early 1980s. Funk de-emphasizes melodic progressions and chords utilized in other interrelated genres and bring a powerful bass beat rhythm played by an electric bass player and … The two groups shared members and are often referred to collectively as "Parliament-Funkadelic." Davis' song "If I'm In Luck I Just Might Get Picked Up", on her self-titled debut album, sparked controversy, and was banned by the Detroit NAACP. 1986. DU's first release, Sex Packets, was full of funk samples, with the most widely known "The Humpty Dance" sampling Parliament's "Let's Play House". The Meters defined funk in New Orleans, starting with their top ten R&B hits "Sophisticated Cissy" and "Cissy Strut" in 1969. You do not need an account, the only thing you need is a YouTube URL. [50] Funk bands such as Earth, Wind & Fire have harmony vocal parts. The 1970s were the era of highest mainstream visibility for funk music. Go-go rhythms are also incorporated into street percussion. Phish, Soul Rebels Brass Band, Galactic, and Soulive are all examples of funk bands that play funk jam. Laina Dawes, the author of What Are You Doing Here: A Black Woman's Life and Liberation in Heavy Metal, believes respectability politics is the reason artists like Davis do not get the same recognition as their male counterparts: "I blame what I call respectability politics as part of the reason the funk-rock some of the women from the '70s aren't better known. In the 1970s, at the same time that jazz musicians began to explore blending jazz with rock to create jazz fusion, major jazz performers began to experiment with funk. On "Ain't it Funky" the tonal structure is barebones. Steppin' Heavy Mix Series #2: Electro Freaks Induce. The title of Monáe's 2013 album, The Electric Lady, alludes to Hendrix's Electric Ladyland, but it also implicitly cites the coterie of women that inspired Hendrix himself: that group, called the Cosmic Ladies or Electric Ladies, was together led by Hendrix's lover Devon Wilson and Betty Davis. By the latter half of the 1980s, pure funk had lost its commercial impact; however, pop artists from Michael Jackson to Culture Club often used funk beats. AUC Robert W. Woodruff Library. De Earth Wind & Fire à Daft Punk en passant par Diana Ross, Jamiroquai, Pharell Williams ou Calvin Harris ils sont tous sur Hotmixradio Sunny « Happy Music for Happy People ». 20. artists like Janelle Monáe have opened the doors for more scholarship and analysis on the female impact on the funk music genre. A primary example is the all-African-American rock band Living Colour, who have been said to be "funk-metal pioneers" by Rolling Stone. Unlike bebop jazz, with its complex, rapid-fire chord changes, funk virtually abandoned chord changes, creating static single chord vamps (often alternating a minor seventh chord and a related dominant seventh chord, such as A minor to D7) with melodo-harmonic movement and a complex, driving rhythmic feel. Funk has also been incorporated into modern R&B music by many female singers such as Beyoncé with her 2003 hit "Crazy in Love" (which samples the Chi-Lites' "Are You My Woman"), Mariah Carey in 2005 with "Get Your Number" (which samples "Just an Illusion" by British band Imagination), Jennifer Lopez in 2005 with "Get Right" (which samples Maceo Parker's "Soul Power '74" horn sound), Amerie with her song "1 Thing" (which samples the Meters' "Oh, Calcutta! [20] New Orleans funk, as it was called, gained international acclaim largely because James Brown's rhythm section used it to great effect.[21]. [119][clarification needed], Monáe's influences include her mentor Prince, Funkadelic, Lauryn Hill, and other funk and R&B artists, but according to Emily Lordi, "[Betty] Davis is seldom listed among Janelle Monáe's many influences, and certainly the younger singer's high-tech concepts, virtuosic performances, and meticulously produced songs are far removed from Davis's proto-punk aesthetic. The first to come into regular use, which David Peñalosa calls 'clave motif,' is based on the decorated version of the three-side of the clave rhythm. Paper 22. p. 6, Lacy, Travis K., ""Funk is its own reward" : an analysis of selected lyrics in popular funk music of the 1970s" (2008). Need a remix to your track? Funk uses the same richly colored extended chords found in bebop jazz, such as minor chords with added sevenths and elevenths, or dominant seventh chords with altered ninths. New Orleans musicians were especially receptive to Afro-Cuban influences precisely at the time when R&B was first forming. [10] Thompson's proposed Kikongo origin word, "lu-fuki" is used by African musicians to praise people "for the integrity of their art" and for having "worked out" to reach their goals. Soul and funk is the music that gets the people dancing. [59], Funk songs included metaphorical language that was understood best by listeners who were "familiar with the black aesthetic and [black] vernacular". Both sides of the record featured heavy funk drum and bass grooves, with the melodic parts snipped from hours of jams and mixed in the studio. Salsa. Homepage der Universitätsbibliothek Paderborn. Dyke and the Blazers, based in Phoenix, Arizona, released "Funky Broadway" in 1967, perhaps the first record of the soul music era to have the word "funky" in the title. "[78] Stewart states that the popular feel was passed along from "New Orleans—through James Brown's music, to the popular music of the 1970s. Paper 22. p. 66, Lacy, Travis K., ""Funk is its own reward" : an analysis of selected lyrics in popular funk music of the 1970s" (2008). "P-funk" also came to mean something in its quintessence, of superior quality, or sui generis. Nigerian musician Fela Kuti, who was heavily influenced by James Brown's music, is credited with creating the style and terming it "Afrobeat". [56] Parliament's song "Chocolate City" (1975) metaphorically refers to Washington D.C. and other US cities that have a mainly Black population, and it draws attention to the potential power that Black voters wield and suggests that a Black President be considered in the future. Funkytown LIPPS INC. Word Up CAMEO. Influenced by Kraftwerk, the Afroamerican rap DJ Afrika Bambaataa developed electro-funk, a minimalist machine-driven style of funk with his single "Planet Rock" in 1982. Soul II Soul was one of the main responsible to create a whole new type of soulful quality dance music at the end of the eighties to the beginning of the next decade. "[20] Professor Longhair's particular style was known locally as rumba-boogie. Funk originated in the mid-1960s, with James Brown's development of a signature groove that emphasized the downbeat—with heavy emphasis on the first beat of every measure ("The One"), and the application of swung 16th notes and syncopation on all basslines, drum patterns, and guitar riffs[3]—and rock and psychedelia-influenced musicians Sly and the Family Stone and Jimi Hendrix, fostering improvisation in funk. Dr. Dre (considered the progenitor of the G-funk genre) has freely acknowledged to being heavily influenced by George Clinton's psychedelia: "Back in the 70s that's all people were doing: getting high, wearing Afros, bell-bottoms and listening to Parliament-Funkadelic. Notably, these afforded the group and the genre crossover success and greater recognition, yet such success escaped comparatively talented and moderately popular funk band peers. This one-three beat launched the shift in Brown's signature music style, starting with his 1964 hit single, "Out of Sight" and his 1965 hits, "Papa's Got a Brand New Bag" and "I Got You (I Feel Good)". Much of contemporary club dance music, drum and bass in particular has heavily sampled funk drum breaks.
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