Until about the midpoint of his life, Paul was a member of the Pharisees, a religious party that emerged during the later Second Temple period. Paul, the “Apostle of the Gentiles,” was born in Tarsus, capital city of the Roman province of Cilicia, in southeast Asia Minor. 5. It was agreed that Peter would be the principal apostle to Jews and Paul the principal apostle to Gentiles. After he received a vision ( Acts 10:9–16 ), Peter was one of the first apostles to specifically advocate for sharing the gospel with Gentiles. It is assumed that Paul died a martyr’s death in the mid-to-late AD 60s in Rome. His Birth Acts 22:3 I am verily a man which am a Jew, born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia, yet (Galatians 1:13 - 14, HBFV). Although he held that Jews and Gentiles alike were called to be transformed into one new humanity in Christ, his missions were largely focused on the conversion of Gentiles, and Christianity would eventually become a largely Gentile religion. From this it may be inferred that he was born about the same time as Jesus (c. 4 bce) or a little later. The doctrine of the Resurrection was a constant theme of his preaching, one which kept him spiritually alive, and one which contributed to his physical death. The birth name of Paul is actually Saul. His epistles (letters) have had enormous influence on Christian theology, especially on the relationship between God the Father and Jesus, and on the mystical human relationship with the divine. ( … Paul would not have to change his message, but he would take up a collection for the Jerusalem church, which was in need of financial support (Galatians 2:1–10; 2 Corinthians 8–9; Romans 15:16–17, 25–26), though Paul’s Gentile churches were hardly well off. The authorship of the others is debated and may have come from followers writing in Paul’s name. In the late 50s Paul returned to Jerusalem with the money he had raised and a few of his Gentile converts. Important events and accomplishments in the life of Paul include his witnessing of the stoning of Stephen. Arts and Science Professor of Religion, Duke University. Paul was from the Israelite tribe of Benjamin. Paul towers as one of the all-time giants of Christianity. It is possible that Paul believed that Jewish converts to the new movement were not sufficiently observant of the Jewish law, that Jewish converts mingled too freely with Gentile (non-Jewish) converts, thus associating themselves with idolatrous practices, or that the notion of a crucified messiah was objectionable. There he was arrested for taking a Gentile too far into the Temple precincts, and, after a series of trials, he was sent to Rome. Paul's letters carry many common Greek aspects of letter writing. Pharisees believed in life after death, which was one of Paul’s deepest convictions. He is circumcised on the eighth day, in compliance with the law of God (Genesis 17:12, Leviticus 12:3, Philippians 3:5). c. 33–36 Converted on the way to Damascus; spends three years in Arabia; returns to Damascus to preach Jesus as Messiah Conversion. Author of. A massive change came into Paul’s life through his experience on the Damascus road, and turned him from being a killer of Christians into being a lover of Christ and his people. St. Paul the Apostle in prison, where tradition holds he wrote the epistle to the Ephesians. Paul’s two-year imprisonment in Jerusalem. Paul wrote about A.D. 50. Paul’s motivations are unknown, but they seem not to have been connected to his Pharisaism. Paul the Apostle lived God's praise. The Letter of Paul to the Ephesians, the Letter of Paul to the Colossians, the Second Letter of Paul to the Thessalonians, both Letters of Paul to Timothy, the Letter of Paul to Titus, and the Letter to the Hebrews are of uncertain authorship. Only 7 of the 13 letters, however, can be accepted as being entirely authentic (dictated by Paul himself). Although the exact date of his birth is unknown, he was active as a missionary in the 40s and 50s of the 1st century ce. God also heals him of his blindness. He then began a vicious campaign of persecution against Christians. Paul is thirty years old when he is an official witness at the stoning of Stephen. He is circumcised on the eighth day, in compliance with the law of God (Leviticus 12:3, Philippians 3:5). He could travel with a few leather-working tools and set up shop anywhere. Omissions? During the next 20 years or so (c. mid-30s to mid-50s), he established several churches in Asia Minor and at least three in Europe, including the church at Corinth. Ring in the new year with a Britannica Membership, The return of the Lord and the resurrection of the dead, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Saint-Paul-the-Apostle, Ancient History Encyclopedia - Biography of Paul the Apostle, Saint Paul the Apostle - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), Paul - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up), First Letter of Paul to the Thessalonians, Second Letter of Paul to the Thessalonians. A. D. 36. 15 Facts about the Apostle Paul. Part 1. His trade, tent making, which he continued to practice after his conversion to Christianity, helps to explain important aspects of his apostleship. A spotlight from heaven shines on him (Saul) during his travel and the voice of Jesus asks "Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me?" Although the Apostle Paul is a hugely significant figure within Christianity, we actually don’t know a great deal about his life. Although frequently useful, the information in Acts is secondhand, and it is sometimes in direct conflict with the letters. Later Christian tradition favours the view that he was executed there (1 Clement 5:1–7), perhaps as part of the executions of Christians ordered by the Roman emperor Nero following the great fire in the city in 64 ce. c. 12 to 15 A.D. I've heard it said, "Every saint has a past and every sinner has a future." He was born into a Jewish family in the city of Tarsus. Conversion of Saul of Tarsus ( Acts 9 ). In later art, Paul is often depicted He was born into a Jewish family in. The “circumcision faction” of the Jerusalem apostles (Galatians 2:12–13), which argued that converts should undergo circumcision as a sign of accepting the covenant between God and Abraham, later broke this agreement by preaching to the Gentile converts both in Antioch (Galatians 2:12) and Galatia and insisting that they be circumcised, leading to some of Paul’s strongest invective (Galatians 1:7–9; 3:1; 5:2–12; 6:12–13). At Damascus—preaches in the synagogue—goes into Arabia—returns to Damascus—flight from Damascus. The birth name of Paul is actually Saul. St. Paul is often considered to be the most important person after Jesus in the history of Christianity. After his conversion, the same zeal and single-minded dedication Paul had against Christianity transforms into a hyperactive-like quest to spread the gospel worldwide. His first visit to Jerusalem, three years after his conversion. In his former life, Paul was a well-to-do, highly respected, high-ranking Pharisee who vehemently hated and persecuted Christians. (Acts 9:4) God strikes him blind and his traveling companions must lead him to the city. He is personally taught by Jesus, for three years, while living in Arabia. The seven undoubted letters constitute the best source of information on Paul’s life and especially his thought; in the order in which they appear in the New Testament, they are Romans, 1 Corinthians, 2 Corinthians, Galatians, Philippians, 1 Thessalonians, and Philemon. He is considered one of Jesus’ most important disciples, even though he never got to know him personally. Where Paul is from. Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. What little is known about Paul the Pharisee reflects the character of the Pharisaic movement. His dedication to eradicating those believing in the teachings of Jesus led him to take bold actions, such as going from house to house in order to find believers (Acts 8:1, 3)! Two of the main cities of Syria, Damascus and Antioch, played a prominent part in his life and letters. The conversion of Paul on the road to Damascus. c. 20–30 Studies Torah in Jerusalem with Gamaliel; becomes a Pharisee. Before becoming the great missionary evangelist, Paul was known as Saul the persecutor of the Christian church. By his own account, Paul was the best Jew and the best Pharisee of his generation (Philippians 3:4–6; Galatians 1:13–14), though he claimed to be the least apostle of Christ (2 Corinthians 11:22–3; 1 Corinthians 15:9–10) and attributed his successes to the grace of God.
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